Grayling

Hipparchia semele

National Status

In decline, fast becoming a coastal and southern heathland butterfly. Population trend 10 years to 2016 +10%; since 1976 – 58%.

West Midlands Status

Occurs largely in two areas: the Long Mynd/Stiperstones and Earl's Hill; range contracting and now extinct on the Malverns. Population trend 10 years to 2016 – decreasing.

Grayling was recorded in 18 squares in 2026

See chart of distribution

10 Year Trend Analysis

Habitat

A butterfly of poor soil and arid conditions, bare ground and rocky outcrops with fine grasses such as Sheep’s Fescue (Festuca ovina) providing the essentials for breeding.

Caterpillar Food Plant

The main foodplants are Bristle Bent (Agrostis curtisii), Early Hair-grass (Aira praecox), Red Fescue (Festuca rubra) and Sheep’s-fescue (Festuca ovina). Marram (Ammophila arenaria) and Tufted Hair-grass (Deschampsia cespitosa) are also used.

Life Cycle

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Egg
Larva
Pupa
Adult

Flight Period

One brood July-early September, peaking late July in an average season.

First/Last Sightings 2026

First Sighting Recorded by Last Sighting Recorded by
22 June Lewis, Stephen 23 August Smith, Paul
See chart of First/Last Sightings

Distribution Map

Key





Total number of sightings per tetrad

Hotspots

The Bog and Stiperstones in Shropshire.

Related Articles

Grayling Action Group